A question for LDS members or anyone who know about food storage?

I'm new to the whole "food storage thing" and the only people that I know of that store food incase of an emergency are the Mormons. Anyway, I'm working on building a food supply and am wondering what types of foods I should store. Obviously I should store things that we'll actually eat, but I don't know what types of foods store well for extended periods of time. Also, is it better to just buy jugs of water, or should I just bottle the water myself and how much water should I store? Also how much food should I store? Any other relevant advice would be very much appriciated!